1、通过继承CustomModelViewSet来自定义，该类是重写ModelViewSet。会自动生成list:查询、create:新增、update:修改、retrieve:单例、destroy:删除 （CustomModelSerializer）是重写ModelSerializer

from utils.viewset import CustomModelViewSet
from utils.serializers import CustomModelSerializer

class AreaSerializer(CustomModelSerializer):
    """
    地区-序列化器
    """
    child_count = serializers.SerializerMethodField(read_only=True)

    def get_child_count(self, instance: Area):
        return Area.objects.filter(parent=instance).count()

    class Meta:
        model = Area
        fields = "__all__"
        read_only_fields = ["id"]


class AreaCreateUpdateSerializer(CustomModelSerializer):
    """
    地区管理 创建/更新时的列化器
    """

    class Meta:
        model = Area
        fields = '__all__'


class AreaViewSet(CustomModelViewSet):
    """
    地区管理接口:
    list:查询
    create:新增
    update:修改
    retrieve:单例
    destroy:删除
    """
    queryset = Area.objects.all().order_by('id')
    serializer_class = AreaSerializer
    filter_fields = ['status','id','parent']
    search_fields = ('name',)

    def area_root(self, request):
        queryset = self.filter_queryset(self.get_queryset())
        queryset = queryset.filter(parent__isnull=True).order_by('id')
        serializer = AreaSerializer(queryset, many=True)
        return SuccessResponse(data=serializer.data, msg="获取成功")